Imininingwane kanye nezigaba zeizigxobo zokukhanya zasemgwaqweni zelangakungahluka kuye ngomkhiqizi, isifunda, kanye nesimo sesicelo. Ngokuvamile, izigxobo zokukhanya zasemgwaqweni zelanga zingahlukaniswa ngokwezici ezilandelayo:
Ukuphakama: Ukuphakama kwezibani zomgwaqo zelanga kuvame ukuba phakathi kwamamitha angu-3 nangu-12, futhi ukuphakama okuqondile kuncike ezidingweni zokukhanyisa kanye nendawo yokufakwa kwangempela. Ngokuvamile, izibani zomgwaqo ezinobubanzi bomgwaqo obuncane noma ukukhanya komgwaqo ziphansi, kuyilapho izibani zomgwaqo emigwaqweni emikhulu noma emigwaqweni emikhulu ziphakeme. Ukuphakama kwezibani zomgwaqo kuvame ukutholakala ngezincazelo ezifana namamitha angu-6, amamitha angu-8, amamitha angu-10, namamitha angu-12. Phakathi kwazo, izibani zokukhanya zamamitha angu-6 zivame ukusetshenziswa emigwaqweni yomphakathi, ezinobubanzi obuphezulu obungu-60-70mm kanye nobubanzi obuphansi obungu-130-150mm; izibani zokukhanya zamamitha angu-8 zivame ukusetshenziswa emigwaqweni evamile yasedolobheni, ezinobubanzi obuphezulu obungu-70-80mm kanye nobubanzi obuphansi obungu-150-170mm; izibani zokukhanya zamamitha angu-10 zinebubanzi obuphezulu obungu-80-90mm kanye nobubanzi obuphansi obungu-170-190mm; Izinsika zokukhanya ezingamamitha ayi-12 zinobubanzi obungaphezulu obungu-90-100mm kanye nobubanzi obuphansi obungu-190-210mm.
Ubukhulu bodonga lwesigxobo sokukhanya buyahlukahluka kuye ngokuphakama. Ubukhulu bodonga lwesigxobo sokukhanya esingamamitha ayi-6 ngokuvamile abungaphansi kuka-2.5mm, ubukhulu bodonga lwesigxobo sokukhanya esingamamitha ayi-8 abungaphansi kuka-3.0mm, ubukhulu bodonga lwesigxobo sokukhanya esingamamitha ayi-10 abungaphansi kuka-3.5mm, kanti ubukhulu bodonga lwesigxobo sokukhanya esingamamitha ayi-12 abungaphansi kuka-4.0mm.
Izinto: Izigxobo zokukhanya zasemgwaqweni zelanga zenziwe kakhulu ngezinto ezilandelayo:
a. Insimbi: Izinsika zokukhanyisa emgwaqweni zensimbi zinamandla okumelana nokucindezela kanye nokuthwala umthwalo, futhi zifanelekela izindawo ezahlukene. Izinsika zokukhanyisa emgwaqweni zensimbi zivame ukufuthwa ngopende wokulwa nokugqwala ebusweni ukuze kwandiswe ukuqina.
b. I-aluminium alloy: Izigxobo zokukhanyisa zasemgwaqweni ze-aluminium alloy zilula futhi zinokumelana okuhle nokugqwala, zilungele izindawo ezisogwini.
c. Insimbi Engagqwali: Izigxobo zokukhanyisa emgwaqweni zensimbi engagqwali zinamandla okumelana nokugqwala kanye nokumelana nokugqwala, futhi zingakwazi ukubhekana nezimo zezulu ezinzima.
Isimo: Izigxobo zokukhanya zasemgwaqweni zelanga zingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezilandelayo ngokwezimo zazo:
a. Isigxobo esiqondile: Isigxobo esilula esiqondile, okulula ukusifaka, esifanele izigcawu eziningi.
b. Isigxobo esigobile: Umklamo wensika egobile muhle kakhulu, futhi ukugoba kungalungiswa njengoba kudingeka, kulungele izigcawu ezikhethekile njengokukhanya kwendawo.
c. Isigxobo esithambile: Ipali elinciphile lijiyile futhi lincane, futhi linokuqina okuhle kanye nomthamo wokuthwala umthwalo. Indlela yokufaka: Izindlela zokufaka izibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga zingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezifakwe kanye nezinhlobo ze-flange. Okufakiwe kufanelekela izindawo ezinenhlabathi ethambile, kanti uhlobo lwe-flange lufanelekela izindawo ezinenhlabathi eqinile.
Okulandelayo izinhlobo ezintathu ezivamile zezinsika zokukhanya zasemgwaqweni zelanga:
01 Isibani sengalo esizigobayo
Isibani sengalo esizigobayo siyisibambo sokukhanya sasemgwaqweni esiklanywe ngokukhethekile esinengalo egobile ngokwemvelo phezulu. Lo mklamo unobuhle obuthile nobuhlukile, futhi uvame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni zomphakathi njengezibani zasedolobheni, amapaki, izikwele, kanye nemigwaqo yabahamba ngezinyawo. Izibani zengalo ezizigobayo zivame ukwenziwa ngensimbi, i-aluminium alloy noma insimbi engagqwali, futhi ukuphakama okufanele kanye nezinga lokugoba kungakhethwa ngokuya ngesimo sangempela sesicelo kanye nezidingo. Inqubo yokukhiqiza yezibani zengalo ezizigobayo iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, futhi kudingeka imishini ekhethekile yokucubungula ukuze kwenziwe ukugoba okushisayo, ukugoba okubandayo noma ezinye izindlela zokwenza ingalo yesibani ifinyelele isimo sokugoba esifanele.
Uma ukhetha isibani sengalo esizigobayo, naka amaphuzu alandelayo:
Izinto: Khetha izinto ezifanele, njengensimbi, i-aluminium alloy noma insimbi engagqwali, ngokuya ngendawo yokusetshenziswa yangempela kanye nezimo zezulu.
Isibani se-A-arm siwumklamo ojwayelekile wesibani somgwaqo, obonakala ngengalo yesibani enomumo we-A, yingakho igama laso libizwa kanjalo. Lolu hlobo lwesibani lunesakhiwo esilula futhi kulula ukuyifaka. Lusetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni zokukhanyisa zomphakathi njengemigwaqo yasemadolobheni, izikwele, amapaki, nezindawo zokuhlala. Izibani ze-A-arm zivame ukwenziwa ngensimbi, i-aluminium alloy noma insimbi engagqwali, futhi zinamandla okumelana nokucindezela kanye nomthamo wokuthwala umthwalo. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqina kwayo kanye nokumelana nokugqwala, indawo engaphezulu ivame ukuphathwa ngokufafaza, ukupenda noma ukugaya.
Isibani sengalo ye-conch siwumklamo wesibani sendlela oyingqayizivele nowobuciko. Njengoba igama lisikisela, ingalo yaso yesibani isesimweni esijikelezayo, njengokwakheka kwegobolondo le-conch, okuyinto enhle. Izibani zesibani sengalo ye-conch zivame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni zomphakathi njengezibani zezwe, izikwele, amapaki, kanye nemigwaqo yabahamba ngezinyawo ukwengeza isimo esiyingqayizivele nemiphumela ebonakalayo.
Uma ukhetha futhi ufaka izigxobo zokukhanya zasemgwaqweni ezihlanganiswe ngelanga, lezi zici zidinga ukucatshangelwa ngokuphelele ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile, ukuphepha kanye nobuhle bemishini. Khetha umenzi onedumela elihle kanye nolwazi lokwenza ngokwezifiso kanye nokufakwa ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nokuphila kwesevisi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezindinganiso ezithile zezinsika zokukhanya zasemgwaqweni zelanga. Ubukhulu nobukhulu be-flange phansi kwesinsika kumele kufane nokuphakama namandla esinsika. Isibonelo, ngesinsika esingamamitha ayi-6, ubukhulu be-flange ngokuvamile buyi-14-16mm, kanti ubukhulu buyi-260mmX260mm noma i-300mmX300mm; ngesinsika esingamamitha ayi-8, ubukhulu be-flange buyi-16-18mm, kanti ubukhulu buyi-300mmX300mm noma i-350mmX350mm.
Induku kumele ikwazi ukumelana nomthwalo othile womoya. Uma isivinini somoya singama-36.9m/s (okulingana nomoya wezinga le-10), induku akufanele ibe nokuguquguquka okusobala kanye nomonakalo; uma ibhekene ne-torque ecacisiwe kanye nomzuzu wokugoba, ukuphambuka okuphezulu kwenduku akufanele kudlule u-1/200 wobude benduku.
Siyakwamukela ukuxhumana nomkhiqizi wezibani zomgwaqo welanga uTianxiang kuFunda kabanzi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-19-2025