Ukutholwa kwamandla avuselelekayo kutholile umfutho eminyakeni yamuva, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemakhaya lapho izinsiza zikagesi zilinganiselwe. Enye yezixazululo eziphumelela kakhulu zokuthuthukisa ukuphepha nokubonakala esigodini sakho ukufakaamalambu omgwaqo welanga. Lezi zibani azinikeli kuphela ukukhanyiswa kepha futhi zikhuthaza ukusimama ngokuhlanganisa amandla elanga. Ukuqonda inqubo yokukhiqiza yezibani zasemakhaya elanga kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kahle kwabo, ukuqina kanye nokusebenza kahle ezindaweni zasemakhaya.
1. I-Conceptization and Design
Inqubo yokukhiqiza yezibani zeSolar Street ziqala ngombono kanye nokwakheka. Onjiniyela nabaklami basebenzisana ukudala imikhiqizo ehlangabezana nezidingo ezithile zemiphakathi yasemakhaya. Izici ezinjengamahora wokukhanya kwelanga okujwayelekile, isimo sezulu sendawo kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe kwamalambu kubhekwa. Isigaba Sokuklama sibuye safaka nokukhetha izinto ezihlala isikhathi eside futhi zesimo sezulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amalambu akwazi ukumelana nezimo zemvelo ezinzima.
2. Lungiselela izinto zokwakha
Izibani zasemakhaya elanga zivame ukuba nezinto ezibalulekile ezimbalwa:
- Amaphaneli elanga: yinhliziyo yohlelo, eguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube ngogesi. Amaseli aphezulu we-Photovoltaic akhetha ukukhulisa ukuthwebula kwamandla.
- Ibhethri: Amabhethri akhiwa kabusha agcina amandla akhiqizwa ngamaphaneli elanga. Ngokuvamile ama-lithium-ion noma amabhethri e-lead-acid asetshenziswa, kuya ngesabelomali kanye nezidingo zamandla.
- Izibani ze-LED: Ukukhanya okukhanyayo okuphumayo (ama-LED) athandwa amandla awo amane kanye nokuphila okude. Banikeza ukukhanyiswa okukhanyayo ngenkathi bedla amandla amancane.
- I-Pole ne-Hardware ekhuphukayo: Izakhi zezakhiwo kumele ziqine ngokwanele ukusekela amaphaneli elanga nezibani, futhi zivame ukwenziwa ngensimbi egayiwe ukuvikela ukugqwala.
- Uhlelo lokulawula: Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinzwa nama-timers ukuze alawule lapho amalambu evula futhi acishwe, enza kahle ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
3. Izingxenye zokukhiqiza
Ingxenye ngayinye ikhiqizwa ngawodwana:
- Amaphaneli elanga: Ukukhiqizwa kwamaphaneli elanga kuhilela izinyathelo eziningi, kufaka phakathi ukwenza ama-silicon wafers, awawahlenge ukwakha ama-junctions we-PN, futhi aqophele kumaphaneli. Kulesi sigaba, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa amaphaneli ahlangabezana namazinga okusebenza kahle.
- Ibhethri: Ukukhiqizwa kwebhethri kubandakanya ukuhlangana nebhethri, ukulixhuma futhi kulifakele endaweni evikelayo. Ukuhlolwa Kwezokuphepha kwenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi bangaphatha izimo ezahlukahlukene zezemvelo.
- I-LED: Ukukhiqizwa kwama-LEDs kubandakanya ukukhula kwezinto ze-semiconductor, kulandelwe ukukhiqizwa kwama-chip eholwa. Ama-chip abese efakwe ebhodini lesekethe futhi ahlolwe ukugqama nokusebenza kahle.
- I-Hardware ne-Hardware ekhuphukayo: Ama-Rods akhiqizwa ngenqubo efana nokukhishwa noma ukushisa, khona-ke kuphathwe ubumbano oluthuthukisiwe.
4. Umhlangano
Lapho zonke izinto zenziwa, inqubo yomhlangano iqala. Lesi sigaba sifaka ukuhlanganisa amaphaneli elanga, amabhethri, ama-LED kanye nohlelo lokulawula kuyunithi elilodwa. Ochwepheshe abanamakhono baqinisekisa ukuthi konke ukuxhumana kuqinile futhi uhlelo lulinganiselwe kahle. Lesi sinyathelo sibucayi njengoba noma yimaphi amaphutha ebandleni angaholela ekungasebenzi kahle noma ekunciphiseni kahle.
5. Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi
Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yenqubo yokukhiqiza. Ngamunye wahlanganisa ukukhanya komgwaqo elolar ubhekene nokuhlolwa okuqinile ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi ihlangabezana namazinga okusebenza. Ukuhlolwa kungafaka:
- Ukuhlolwa kukagesi: Qinisekisa ukuthi amaphaneli elanga akhiqiza i-voltage elindelekile nokuthi ibhethri liphethe icala.
- Ukuhlolwa kokukhanyisa: kuhlola ukukhanya nokusatshalaliswa kokukhanya okukhishwe yi-LEDs.
- Ukuhlolwa kokuqina: Faka amalambu ezinhlobonhlobo zezimo zemvelo ezifana namazinga okushisa aphezulu, umswakama, nomoya ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi bangamelana nobunzima bokusetshenziswa kwangaphandle.
6. Ukupakishwa kanye nokusatshalaliswa
Lapho amalambu elanga lomgwaqo adlula ekhwalithi yokulawula ikhwalithi, ahlanganiswe ukusatshalaliswa. Ukupakishwa kwenzelwe ukuvikela ukukhanya ngesikhathi sokuthumela ngenkathi kubuye kube nobungani bemvelo. Inqubo yokusabalalisa imvamisa ifaka ukusebenzisana nohulumeni basekhaya noma ama-NGO ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amalambu afinyelela emadolobhaneni adinga kakhulu.
7. Ukufakwa kanye nokulungisa
Isinyathelo sokugcina kwinqubo yokukhiqiza ukufakwa. Amaqembu endawo ajwayele ukuqeqeshwa ukufaka izibani zasemgwaqweni elanga, aqinisekise ukuthi abekwe phansi ukuthola ukukhanya kwelanga okuphezulu. Isondlo futhi siyisici esibalulekile, njengokuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwamaphaneli elanga, amabhethri kanye nama-LEDs anganweba impilo yamalambu futhi aqinisekise ukuthi asebenza kahle.
Ekuphetheni
Inqubo yokukhiqiza yeIzibani zasemakhaya elangaIngabe umzamo wezinto eziningi ezihlanganisa ubunjiniyela, ukukhiqiza kanye nokubandakanyeka komphakathi. Ngokuqonda zonke izinyathelo kusuka emklameni nasekuthambekeni kwezinto ezibonakalayo kuya emhlanganweni nasekufakweni, ababambiqhaza bangaqinisekisa ukuthi lezi zibani zikhulisa ngokuphumelelayo ukuphepha nokusimama ezindaweni zasemakhaya. Njengoba amadolobhana amaningi amukela amalambu omgwaqo elanga, awakhanyi nje emigwaqweni kodwa futhi avule indlela yekusasa eliluhlaza okotshani, elimeme.
Isikhathi sePosi: Oct-31-2024